World · 全球时事 / 欧洲政治
德国极右翼选择党赢得关键州选，距绝对多数一步之遥
Far-right AfD wins key German state election but falls just short of majority
一、原文精读
鼠标悬停在带 蓝色虚线下划线 的生词上，即可查看词性和释义。
1The populist, far-right, anti-immigration Alternative für Deutschland (AfD) has surged to a resounding victory in a crucial state election in Germany, but fell just short of winning a majority in its quest to form the country's first far-right state government since the second world war.
2The party of Germany's unpopular chancellor Friedrich Merz, the Christian Democrats (CDU), slumped to a disastrous result in the eastern state of Saxony-Anhalt.
3Final results showed AfD falling three seats short, with 39 lawmakers in an 83-member parliament. Siegmund, 35, said it would not engage in "games" such as a minority government. But it was not evident how its divided opponents could assemble any stable government without it.
4AfD won 43.8% of the vote, more than double its showing five years ago in the region of 2.1 million people west of Berlin. That was far ahead of Merz's CDU, which polled 17.2% – losing about half its support – and won 15 seats.
5Participation in the election was at a record high of 76.5%. Addressing jubilant supporters after exit polls had been published, Siegmund said his party was ready to reach out to all powers that strove for political change.
6If the AfD manages to form a government in Saxony-Anhalt, Siegmund has promised to immediately start a remigration and deportation offensive, ban rainbow flags in schools and halt the building of new windfarms.
7The bishop of Magdeburg, Gerhard Feige, in an address to a gathering of churchgoers, warned against forces "that want to sow discord, stoke mistrust and fear". He drew parallels with history, warning that a democracy has the potential to abolish itself.
原文出处：The Guardian（卫报）2026-09-06 报道，报道对象为德国萨克森-安哈尔特州（Saxony-Anhalt）议会选举。原文链接见文末。
二、重点词汇
| 单词 | 音标 | 词性 | 释义 | 词块 / 搭配 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| far-right | /ˌfɑː ˈraɪt/ | adj. | 极右翼的 | the far-right party |
| surge | /sɜːdʒ/ | v. | 激增；飙升 | surge to victory |
| resounding | /rɪˈzaʊndɪŋ/ | adj. | 响亮的；巨大的 | a resounding victory |
| quest | /kwest/ | n. | 追求；目标 | in its quest to do sth |
| chancellor | /ˈtʃɑːnsələ(r)/ | n. | （德国）总理 | chancellor Friedrich Merz |
| slump | /slʌmp/ | v. | 暴跌；骤降 | slump to a disastrous result |
| disastrous | /dɪˈzɑːstrəs/ | adj. | 灾难性的 | a disastrous result |
| fall short (of) | /fɔːl ʃɔːt/ | phr. | 未达到；不足 | fall three seats short |
| lawmaker | /ˈlɔːmeɪkə(r)/ | n. | 议员；立法者 | 39 lawmakers in parliament |
| poll | /pəʊl/ | v. | 获得（选票） | polled 17.2% |
| participation | /pɑːˌtɪsɪˈpeɪʃn/ | n. | 投票率；参与 | at a record high of 76.5% |
| jubilant | /ˈdʒuːbɪlənt/ | adj. | 欢欣鼓舞的 | jubilant supporters |
| remigration | /ˌriːmaɪˈɡreɪʃn/ | n. | 反向移民；遣返 | a remigration offensive |
| deportation | /ˌdiːpɔːˈteɪʃn/ | n. | 驱逐出境 | deportation offensive |
| halt | /hɔːlt/ | v. | 停止；中止 | halt the building of windfarms |
| stoke | /stəʊk/ | v. | 煽动；激起 | stoke mistrust and fear |
三、长难句分析（三步拆解法）
The populist, far-right, anti-immigration Alternative für Deutschland (AfD) has surged to a resounding victory in a crucial state election in Germany, but fell just short of winning a majority in its quest to form the country's first far-right state government since the second world war.
主干：The … Alternative für Deutschland (AfD) has surged to a resounding victory（主语带三个并列前置定语）
并列谓语：but fell just short of winning a majority（转折，与 has surged 并列）
修饰①：in a crucial state election in Germany —— 介词短语表地点
修饰②：in its quest to form … government —— 介词短语，内含不定式 to form
修饰③：since the second world war —— 时间状语
译文：带有民粹、极右、反移民色彩的选择党（AfD）在德国一场关键的州选举中取得压倒性胜利，但在其组建二战以来首个极右州政府的努力中，却以微弱之差未能赢得多数。
Final results showed AfD falling three seats short, with 39 lawmakers in an 83-member parliament.
主干：Final results showed
宾语：AfD falling three seats short —— 现在分词短语作宾语（show sb doing sth）
伴随状语：with 39 lawmakers in an 83-member parliament —— with 复合结构补充说明
译文：最终结果显示，选择党差了三个席位，在 83 个席位的议会中只获得 39 席。
That was far ahead of Merz's CDU, which polled 17.2% – losing about half its support – and won 15 seats.
主干：That was far ahead of Merz's CDU（far ahead of 表"遥遥领先于"）
定语从句：which polled 17.2% … and won 15 seats（修饰 CDU，两个并列谓语）
插入语：losing about half its support —— 破折号内现在分词短语，补充说明结果
译文：这一成绩遥遥领先于默茨的基民盟——后者得票率仅为 17.2%，失去了约一半的支持，获得 15 个席位。
If the AfD manages to form a government in Saxony-Anhalt, Siegmund has promised to immediately start a remigration and deportation offensive, ban rainbow flags in schools and halt the building of new windfarms.
条件状语从句：If the AfD manages to form a government in Saxony-Anhalt
主干：Siegmund has promised to immediately start …（promise to do sth）
并列不定式宾语：to start a remigration and deportation offensive, (to) ban rainbow flags …, (to) halt the building …（三个并列动作）
译文：如果选择党得以在萨克森-安哈尔特组建政府，西格蒙德已承诺将立即启动遣返移民行动、禁止校园悬挂彩虹旗，并停止新建风力发电场。
The bishop of Magdeburg, Gerhard Feige, in an address to a gathering of churchgoers, warned against forces "that want to sow discord, stoke mistrust and fear".
主干：The bishop of Magdeburg … warned against forces
同位语：Gerhard Feige —— 说明主教姓名
状语：in an address to a gathering of churchgoers —— 介词短语表场合
定语从句：that want to sow discord, stoke mistrust and fear —— 修饰 forces，三个并列谓语
译文：马格德堡主教格哈德·法伊格在对一批信徒的讲话中，警告要警惕那些"想要挑拨离间、煽动猜疑与恐惧"的势力。
四、全文大意
德国极右翼、反移民的德国选择党（AfD）在东部萨克森-安哈尔特州议会选举中以 43.8% 得票率大胜，较五年前几乎翻倍，但以三席之差未能获得绝对多数（83 席中获 39 席），错失组建二战后德国首个极右州政府的机会。总理默茨领导的基民盟惨败，得票率跌至 17.2%，失去近半支持。本次投票率达 76.5%，创下历史新高。选择党候选人西格蒙德宣称"创造了历史"，并承诺若执政将启动遣返移民、禁止校园彩虹旗、停建风电场等。主教与商界纷纷警告极右执政的后果，外界普遍认为这一结果将对默茨及德国主流政治构成沉重压力。
五、思考与仿写
思考题：报道提到德国主流政党对选择党设有"防火墙"（firewall），即拒绝与其合作。请结合第 3 段，分析为什么选择党虽未获绝对多数，其四分五裂的对手仍难以组建一个稳定政府？
仿写题：仿照第 1 段 "surge to a resounding victory … but fell just short of …" 的"大胜却又差一点"转折结构，围绕一场考试或比赛写一个英文句子。